PUJO Obstruction

Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction (PUJO) is a condition where the flow of urine from the renal pelvis to the ureter is partially or completely blocked, leading to kidney damage if untreated. Dr. Prabhat Ranjan, a renowned urologist, shares valuable insights into the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for PUJO.

Common Signs of PUJO

Flank or abdominal pain, often worsened after drinking fluids
Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Nausea and vomiting
Blood in urine (hematuria)
Decreased urine output or difficulty urinating

Symptoms of PUJO

Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction (PUJO) presents with symptoms caused by impaired urine flow from the kidney to the ureter. Common symptoms include intermittent or persistent flank pain, often worsening after fluid intake. Patients may experience nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort due to increased pressure in the kidney. Hematuria (blood in urine) can occur, giving the urine a reddish or pinkish tint.

In severe cases, an abdominal mass may be palpable, and recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common due to stagnant urine. Untreated PUJO can lead to complications such as kidney stones, hydronephrosis, or progressive loss of kidney function.

Diagnosis of Kidney Stones

Dr. Ranjan emphasizes accurate diagnostic methods:

Ultrasound or CT Scan: Imaging to identify obstruction and kidney swelling.
Diuretic Renography: Evaluates urine drainage and kidney function.
MRI: Provides detailed anatomical views in complex cases.

Treatment Options

Conservative Management: Observation for mild cases without significant symptoms.
Endoscopic Surgery: Minimally invasive procedures like pyeloplasty to remove obstructions.
Open Surgery: For severe or recurrent cases requiring reconstructive techniques.
Stenting: Temporary relief by placing a stent to ensure urine flow.

Dr. Ranjan tailors treatment plans to the severity of obstruction and patient needs.

Prevention Strategies

While PUJO is often congenital, maintaining kidney health can prevent complications. Dr. Ranjan advises:

Regular Monitoring: For individuals with known kidney issues.
Hydration: Ensures optimal urine flow and prevents stone formation.
Early Intervention: Seeking prompt care for symptoms like pain or UTIs.