Phimosis is characterized by the inability to retract the foreskin over the glans of the penis, which can lead to various symptoms depending on its severity. One of the most common signs is pain or discomfort during urination or erections, often caused by the tightness of the foreskin.

Swelling, redness, or inflammation of the foreskin may occur, particularly if there is an associated infection, such as balanitis. Attempts to retract the foreskin can result in tearing, bleeding, or scarring, which may exacerbate the condition. In some cases, individuals experience ballooning of the foreskin during urination due to trapped urine.

If hygiene under the foreskin is compromised, a buildup of smegma can lead to irritation, foul odor, and recurrent infections. Chronic phimosis can also cause painful erections or discomfort during sexual activity, significantly affecting quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications such as urinary obstruction or paraphimosis.